Bulog rice stocks in the warehouse has now reached 1.6 million tons. By distributing rice to the poor (Raskin) of 300,000 tonnes / month, that number is more resistant to five months.
Bulog President Director Mustafa Abubakar after the inauguration of the Regional Division Chief of Regional Division and Waka Bulog in Jakarta, said last Friday, the stock of rice was higher than the same period last year which only 1.4 million tons.
Therefore Mustafa sure, during the election resilience of rice is sufficient. Especially now that the procurement of paddy / rice Bulog continued to increase between 40-50 thousand tons of rice equivalent per day. If averaged over March to early April, the procurement of 40 thousand tons / day. “At the peak of harvest coming May I estimate that the provision could be increased to 50 000 tons / day,” he said.

At this year set a prognosis BULOG procurement of 3.8 million tonnes of rice setera. From this number later counted 3.3 million tons of rice for distribution raskin.
Since procurement began in January last, the realization was nearing one million tonnes, with the contract as much as 1.2 million tons. This amount has not yet reached the target until the end of March for 1 prognosis, 3 million tons.
“There are several obstacles that can cause the target we have not met the climatic conditions, especially flooding that hit the rice production center,” he said. But Mustafa optimistic, procurement target this year could be achieved, since the harvest began to increase and the grain quality is also quite good.

Data obtained Agro Indonesia, to 2 April 2009, the largest Divre Bulog to procure that, as much of East Java Regional Division setera 636 884 tonnes of rice, central Java Divre 214 592 tonnes, 108 933 tonnes Divre West Java and South Sulawesi as many as 65 164 tonnes. Progonosa procurement until the end of April as many as 1,788,199 tons.

In Bulog procurement must comply with Presidential Instruction No.8/2009 rice. In a Presidential Directive which came out in early January, price determined Dried Grain Harvest (GKP) at farm level Rp2.400/kg, GKP in milling Rp2.440/kg. While the price of dry unhusked (DUP) at the mill and the DUP in the warehouse Rp3.000/kg Bulog for Rp3.040/kg. For the price of rice in the warehouse Bulog, the government sets for Rp4.600/kg.

Meanwhile, from the observation of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of 1593 transactions in 19 provinis, in March 2009 at an average price of grain at the farm level for the DUP for Rp3.116/kg or down 0.99% compared to February 2009. While the GKP price down 8.55% at Rp2.541/kg.
Head of BPS, Rusman Heriawan during a press conference earlier this month said that, despite experiencing a decrease from the previous month, but grain prices still above the Government Purchase Price (HPP). While for low quality or outside the group increase the quality of Rp2.248/kg or 0.51%.

During March, 1593 observations obtained from the lower grain prices at farm level amounting Rp1.800/kg. Occurred in the District of Cipanas and Wanasalam, Lebak regency, Banten, and the District of Sukodadi, Lamongan, East Java with Ciherang and IR-64.
While the highest prices at farm level and the level of grinding the same, that is equal to Rp3.777, 80/kg. Found in the District of propagation District Tanah Datar, West Sumatra for the varieties page Next page with the quality of GKP.

BPS was found in a survey on the level of milling grain prices, the average price in March for Rp3.180/kg DUP and GKP Rp2.598/kg. This means that prices are still above the HPP. Percentage price of grain in the mill rate under COGS increased from 10.57% in February to 31.96% in March. So did the percentage of low-quality rice rose from 23.38% in February to 31.26% in March.
Case of grain prices under the HPP are located in 10 provinces of North Sumatra, Riau, Lampung, West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java, Banten, West Nusa Tenggara and South Sulawesi. While the case for low quality grain as much as 498 observations (31.26%), was found in eight provinces namely Agriculture and Livestock, Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java, Banten, West Nusa Tenggara, South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi.

Because of fear of criminal sanctions which apply relevant Directorate General of Taxation is the imposition of VAT, sugar among traders refrained from purchasing the sugar farmers.

Refrain from the action of the sugar traders, sugar prices farmers are now moving to drop. In fact, commodity prices in the market sweet taste that persisted in the position that the price is still high.

Decrease in sugar prices farmers were seen in the tender sale of 1500 tons of sugar farmers held in the sugar factory (PG) Kebon Agung (Malang) June 10, 2010, which sold only Rp7.800/kg price.

According to the traders, they did not dare to bid high because it is still subject to VAT 10%. For example, they buy Rp8.000/kg price, plus VAT 10% price becomes Rp8.800/kg.

Rp8.800/kg purchase price was, among traders could not sell it again admitted to the lower level again considering the selling price of sugar in the market has now reached Rp9.800/kg. Among traders expressed their sales prices to other dealers only ranges up to Rp8.200/kg Rp8.150.

Decline in the sales price of sugar farmers was indeed ironic compared to conditions in the country today, which certainly would require a larger supply due to the decline of milling season.

Although sugar prices in international markets has declined sharply, but in domestic sugar prices do not change significantly. According to the Ministry of Commerce, the decline in sugar prices has recently reached 0.3%.

Based on data from the Ministry of Trade, the price of sugar in the Java market is now in a position Rp9.800/kg and outside Java, the price is still around in the positions Rp10.300/kg.

Of course, very ironic if the price of sugar farmers has decreased in the middle price of sugar in market which remained high. To that end, the government should immediately take steps to keep the price of sugar farmers comparable to that commodity prices in the market.

Indeed, the selling price farmers currently still above the government set HPP sugar for Rp6.359/kg. However, the decline in sugar prices farmers must also remain alert lest it hurt the farmers.

Government must be able to overcome various constraints faced by farmers in selling sugar to other traders. If this is the policy of applying VAT 10% towards the purchase of sugar farmers into the barriers are, of course must find a way out.

Do not let the policy implementation of VAT 10% did not provide meaningful results to the government revenue and the only cause losses among sugar cane farmers.

Indramayu District is one district which is a regional center for agriculture and services is the main business sector where in 2008 there were approximately 632 458 farmers, both owners of farmers, sharecroppers, or as a laborer. and as one of the areas of agriculture, rice production in 2008 was 1,229,476.75 tons. from 190 090 ha harvested area. value productivity of paddy has decreased 6.53% from the previous year in 2007 as much as 67.20 kw / ha to 64.68 kw / ha in 2008.

Besides rice, some food crops and horticulture in the district earned Indramayu are pulses, vegetables – vegetables and fruit – fruit. fruit – fruit that produced in Indramayu include mango, watermelon, citrus, guava, brown, banana, papaya, watermelon, cantaloupe, cucumber suri, etc., and of the many kinds of fruits, mango production is competitive commodities the doll, harumanis, bapang, cengkir and buildings lipstick. of types of mangoes cengkir / mango lipstick dermayu and buildings are characteristic kabupten Indramayu as mango city.

Spices are put in cooking not only for flavoring but also for some of its medicinal properties. Nutmeg is one such spice that you must have often used for making cookies or spice cakes. It is even used for making egg and vegetable dishes, soups and sauces. When you want to impart a very light yellow color to your dishes you can use mace, the net like covering of nutmeg. These are the properties you use for culinary purposes, but what about the medicinal purposes? Its time to know more abut nutmeg.

Nutmeg is a seed of the nutmeg plant. Ground nutmeg has a flavor that is very near in similarity to cinnamon but is not so sweet or reddish. If we are to define the flavor precisely, it is aromatic, savory, rich and somewhat sweet with a warm tone. Apart from using the seed of nutmeg, essential oil and butter of nutmeg are also obtained and they are used for various purposes from culinary to pharmaceutical.

Medicinal uses of nutmeg are many. It is a great brain booster which improves circulation in the brain and allows a person to concentrate better. If you are suffering from mental exhaustion then you should add nutmeg to your food as it is a great stress reliever. You can use essential oil of nutmeg as a tonic for stimulating the cardiovascular system. Similarly, nutmeg can be used as a detoxifier of the liver and the kidney.

Here is a simple but effective remedy for those suffering from rheumatic pain. Heat some nutmeg powder in sesame oil until it turns brown. Use it for external use on the affected areas. It can be used for neuralgia and sciatica. But make sure that you have cooled and strained the oil before application. Being excellent sedative, nutmeg oil can be used effectively for joint and muscular pains. The women can use it for relieving menstrual cramps.

Nutmeg is used for clearing congestion due to cough and cold; for relieving toothaches and aching gums; for treating diarrhea caused by indigestion; as an antiseptic, and also to induce sleep. Nutmeg oil, if rubbed on the abdomen of a pregnant mother from three weeks before delivery can ease child birth. Finally, nutmeg is believed to have aphrodisiac properties too. Like any other drug or medicine, do not overuse nutmeg as it can affect the nerves.

1. Step 1

Soothe eczema. Make a nutmeg paste. Use a kitchen mallet or rolling pin to pulverize a few nutmeg seeds. Add water and mix to form a paste. Smear the paste over the red scaly patches.
2. Step 2

Tame acne. Grind several nutmeg seeds with a food processor. Add small amounts of milk to make a paste. Rinse the face and other affected areas with warm water and pat dry with a clean towel. Spread the paste evenly over the acne. After 2 hours, use warm water to remove the paste. Follow with cold water to close pores. Repeat this remedy at least daily until acne improves.
3. Step 3

Remedy a toothache. Scoop two fingers of petroleum jelly onto a clean cotton cloth. Cover with a generous amount of ground nutmeg. Hold against the jaw line at the point nearest the painful tooth.
4. Step 4

Calm a chest cold. Prepare a nutmeg plaster by mixing equal parts of ground nutmeg and flour. Add an egg white and a small amount of water to form a paste. Cover a cotton cloth with the paste and apply to the chest.
5. Step 5

Relieve diarrhea. Mix 1/4 tsp of ground nutmeg, 1/2 tsp of ground coffee and 1 cup of water. Pour through a strainer. Drink the filtered liquid. Repeat this remedy up to two more times until diarrhea subsides.
6. Step 6

Promote sleep. Add 1/4 tsp of ground nutmeg to 1 cup of milk. Stir while heating. Bring to a boil. Drink the entire cup of warm liquid remedy. Recline.

Overview

The yellow ginger plant (Hedychium flavescens) once grew only in the Himalayas but it has spread around the world. The plant has proved to be quite invasive and has become a serious concern because it quickly forms large, dense vegetative growth that chokes out native plants, according to the Global Invasive Species Data Base. It has been widely grown in tropical locations around the world as an ornamental that has escaped cultivation.
Appearance

A herbaceous perennial, the yellow ginger plant grows 6 feet in height with a root system that reaches over 3 feet deep. Large, tropical-appearing leaves are produced in a lance shape and look as if they have been coated in wax. In the late fall to early winter, yellow or cream-colored fragrant ovoid flowers are produced.
Spread

The yellow ginger plant does not produce seeds. It spreads solely through its large and aggressive rhizome root system. Flooding in the rainforest also helps spread the roots. It can quickly invade local areas. The rhizomes grow even when broken into numerous small pieces, which makes removal of the plant difficult if the entire root system is not lifted because it will quickly grow back from tiny fragments.
Climate

The yellow ginger plant prefers moist rain forest settings. If flourishes in the tropics. It will grow easily in full sunlight along roads or under the cover of the deep forest canopy. Currently the plant is viewed as a serious threat in Hawaii and New Zealand.
Threat

The yellow ginger quickly produces large colonies of plants that sprout annually off the root system. The plant quickly chokes out all native plants that pose a threat to its growth.
Control

Control by burning the stalks and foliage. Complete removal of the root system must be attained or the plant quickly returns. Use herbicides in the spring and fall. Cutting the stalk of the yellow ginger plant prior to apply a herbicide helps the yellow ginger absorb the herbicide easier.

Indonesia can be categorized as an agrarian nation, where the role of agriculture in Indonesia economy really significant. Agriculture sector in Indonesia has a role in: (a) providing job opportunity for the majority of labor force, (b) producing foods for the nation, (c) raw material producer for industrial sector, and (d) strengthening food security and rural development. The role of agriculture becomes more important when Indonesia in the middle of economic crisis.

Normally, agriculture activities are done in rural area, where most of Indonesian population stays. That is why agriculture development in Indonesia can not be separated from rural development at large. The development of agriculture sector will bring a large impact to the welfare of rural population. Because of most of population in Indonesia live in rural area, the condition of their welfare will largely effect national development.

Agriculture development in Indonesia is also related to the effort to reduce poverty and strengthening food security. Most of farmer in Indonesia own small piece of farming land. The average of land ownership in Indonesia is below 0.35 hectare. The consequence of small size of land ownership is most of people live below poverty line exist in rural area. The farmer with small size of land and landless farmers are those who also prone to experiencing food insecurity. The decreasing of income or the rising of food prices is sufficient to make farmers and their families facing a hardship to get access to enough food.

Ginger is a herbs that easy and a lot to find in almost all places in Asia, Ginger is a herbs that is very popular because it can be processed into various products, either as herbal medicines, food, drinks, candy, etc. In some Asian countries, this plant is widely cultivated, sometimes this herbs planted in the courtyard of the house. They called it Living Pharmacy.

At the first time, ginger plant comes from Asia Pacific, The spread area of these plants are from mainland India to China, therefore this two nations is known as the first user of this herbs, they use it both as a medicine or as spice ingredients mixed into the food or drink. In the Western world, a lot of us are fortunate enough to have medical insurance and we feel comfortable that if we get ill, we will be taken care of. However, it is important not to take things like this for granted, and to try and look after ourselves as much a possible. Introducing ginger into your diet is a very easy way to do this.

Ginger plants are part of Zingiberaceae family, the other plant that in the same family with ginger is turmeric (Curcuma domestica), galangal (Languas galanga) and others.

Classification of ginger
Division: Spermatophyta
Sub-division: Angiospermae
Class: Monocotyledoneae
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Zingiber
Species: Zingiber officinale

Ginger classified into 3 types of groupings, This classification is based on shape, color and the ginger rhizome. Generally we know the 3 varieties of ginger, they are:

1. Large yellow ginger / white ginger are often called elephant ginger or rhinoceros ginger. Their Rhizome is bigger and fatter, segment also more bloated than other varieties. This Ginger is commonly consumed at a young age or an old age, in the form of processed or fresh.
2. Small yellow ginger/ white ginger, this ginger has Small rhizome segments, slightly flat shape until slightly puffy. This Ginger is harvested always after the ginger reach the old age. Small yellow ginger has more volatile oils than the elephant ginger, this makes it more spicy than the other types of ginger, besides that it also has a high fiber. This Ginger is very good to be made as ingredients of medicines, or to be extracted for oleoresin and volatile oil.
3. Red Ginger has a red colored rhizome and has a smaller size than the small white ginger. Red Ginger is always harvested at the old age, along with a small ginger, red ginger also contain a high volatile oil, so the red ginger is commonly used as ingredients of medicines.

The benefits of ginger are many, because we can process it into various products, such as for food spice, beverages, natural medicines ingredients and others.

Haji Jamhari died before he could make a fortune out of kretek. This was taken up by another Kudus resident by the name of Nitisemito. He transformed a cottage industry into mass-production in two ways. First, he created his own brand (Bal Tiga) and built its image. Nitisemito introduced marketing campaigns, the likes of which Indonesia had not seen before. Beautiful labels were printed in Japan and free gifts were offered to loyal smokers in return for empty packs. Second, he began to use subcontractors. A middleman handled the labor, while Nitisemito provided the tobacco, cloves and sauce (additional ingredients unique to kreteks). This practice was quickly adopted by other kretek companies, and it continued up until mid-20th century, when companies began to hire their own employees as a way of ensuring quality and loyalty.

By the 1960’s, kretek consumption was stagnant in comparison to western white cigarettes which were considered more prestigious. However, the 1970’s saw a revolution in the kretek industry, which ensured its success until the present day.

In the mid-1970’s, improved economic conditions attracted foreign investment to Indonesia and the government invested this influx of money in the development of indigenous industries, offering low-interest loans to kretek makers.

The first machine-made kreteks also appeared during this time, allowing production to be automated. The uniform size and shape of this new breed of clove cigarettes became a favorite with the upper classes, and by the late 1970’s, kretek brands were competing head-to-head with foreign brands.

Finally, the government’s policy of compulsory transmigration in the 1970’s ensured that kretek cigarettes spread to every corner of the Indonesian archipelago. This government attempt to relieve overpopulation in Java by moving them to other parts of the country encouraged kretek companies to expand their distribution nationally.

Tobacco has been present in Indonesia for a long time. In the 17th century, Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles wrote about tobacco in Java in his legendary book, “The History of Java.” Javanese literary sources, such as “Babad Ing Sangkala,” mentioned that tobacco was introduced to Java around the time that Panembahan Senopati Ing Ngalaga, the founder of the Mataram Kingdom, passed away in 1602.

Raffles was of the opinion that tobacco seeds were first brought in by the Dutch. However, other sources point toward the Portuguese. The reason being that the Indonesian word for tobacco; tembakau (tembako in Javanese) is phonologically closer to the Portuguese word tumbaco as compared to the Dutch’s tabak.

The Dutch botanist and zoologist, Rumphius, reported that in 1650 many tobacco plantations could be found in Indonesia. During the Dutch East Indies Company days, large tobacco plantations were found in the areas of Kedu, Bagelen, Malang and Priangan.

The quest for the Spice Islands
The history of clove, the key ingredient in kretek, is interwoven with the history of Indonesia itself. Clove was once highly prized for its medicinal properties. Even in Roman times, clove demanded high prices. It is little wonder then that many a merchant became rich by buying and selling cloves.

The highly sought-after spice originally grew only on five tiny islands east of Sulawesi and west of Papua. In order to control the buying and selling of clove from its source, the Dutch and English East Indies companies were formed at the beginning of the 17th century. Thus began an era of colonization and foreign intervention in Asia.
It was not until the late 19th century that people began adding cloves to their cigarettes. The trend caught on quickly and within a few years, kretek cigarettes were being produced commercially.